Soil preparation: Choose deep, well-drained sandy loam or loam. Deep plow 25–30 cm. Apply 3,000–5,000 kg decomposed organic fertilizer per 667 m² with balanced compound fertilizer.
Seed treatment: Rub off seed hairs, soak in 30–35°C water for 3–4 hours, then keep moist at 25–30°C to pre-germinate until most seeds split.
Sowing: Drill or broadcast, row spacing 15–20 cm, cover 1–1.5 cm of soil, press and water. Seed rate about 400 g per 667 m².
Thinning: Thin at 2–3 true leaves to 3–4 cm spacing; final thinning at 4–5 true leaves to 8–10 cm spacing.
Water & fertilizer: Keep soil moist before emergence. During root expansion, ensure adequate water and fertilizer; reduce water late to prevent cracking.
Harvest: Ready about 100–115 days after sowing when roots are fully swollen and bright red.