Igama Lomkhiqizo: Escarlate Jaboticaba (四季艾斯卡嘉宝果)

Incazelo:
I-Escarlate Jaboticaba, eyaziwa nangokuthi I-Esca Jaboticaba noma IJaboticaba Ebomvu, iyinhlobo eyingxubevange esezingeni eliphezulu yesihlahla sezithelo somdabu waseBrazil Plinia sp., eyakhiwe kusukela ekuhlanganisweni kwe-Plinia phitrantha kanye Plinia cauliflora . Ingaphansi kwe-isikhathi sokuqala sokuthela “Izinkathi Ezine” uchungechunge futhi yaziwa njengenye yezinhlobo zeJaboticaba ezinethemba lokuhweba kakhulu emakethe yaseChina .

I-Jaboticaba Ethela Cishe Unyaka Wonke:

Isici esichazayo se-Escarlate isikhathi eside kakhulu sokuthela izithelo. Nakuba izinhlobo eziningi zamaJaboticaba zikhiqiza izithelo izinyanga ezimbalwa kuphela, isigaba sezithelo sika-Escarlate sisukela Februwari kuya kuDisemba – cishe unyaka wonke . Kuhlangene nokuthi umkhuba wokuthela kusenesikhathi (ithela izithelo kusukela eminyakeni engu-3–4), le nhlobo inikeza abalimi isithelo esisha cishe ngokuqhubekayo, okwenza kube kuhle kakhulu ama-orchid akhetha wona kanye nezingadi zasekhaya .

Ingqwele ye-Anthocyanin:

Ucwaningo lwezemfundo olwenziwa eKerala Agricultural University eNdiya luqinisekisile ukuthi i-Uhlobo lwe-Escarlate lunokuqukethwe kwe-anthocyanin ephezulu kakhulu phakathi kwezinhlobo zeJaboticaba ezihloliwe, kufinyelela 281.6 mg nge-100g yesikhumba . Lokhu kusibeka phezulu emndenini wamaJaboticaba ngamandla okulwa namagciwane, okunikeza iphuzu lokuthengisa eligxile kwezempilo kubathengi abanakekela impilo.

Ukubukeka:
Ngokungafani nezithelo ezimnyama ngokujulile zaseJaboticaba ezijwayelekile njengeSabará neFukuoka, i-Escarlate ivuthwa ibe umbala obomvu-bomvu kuya kobomvu-nsundu . Isithelo si-iyindilinga kuya kwi-oval, cishe 2–3 cm ububanzi – usayizi omaphakathi noma omkhulu we-Jaboticaba. Ngaphakathi, inyama i-engacwebezela kahle, enamanzi futhi emnandi, enokunambitheka okuyinkimbinkimbi okufana ne-mangosteen, i-guava, ne-sugar apple .

Isihlahla Sensimu Esihlanganisa Ukuhlobisa Nokudliwa:

I-Escarlate iyi-isitshalo esincane enesikhathi sokuphila esidlula iminyaka eyi-100, okwenza kufaneleke kakhulu ukuthi ukulinywa kuvulandi nasegcekeni . Umkhuba wayo wokukhula oyingqayizivele – izimbali nezithelo eziqhamuka ngqo esiqwini nasemagatsheni – kwakha umbukiso obonakalayo omangalisayo. Isihlahla sikhiqiza izimbali nezithelo cishe ngokuqhubekayo, sinikeza inani lokuhlobisa unyaka wonke kanye nesivuno esingaguquki sezithelo ezintsha .

Izinzuzo Eziyinhloko Zokuhweba:

• Ukuthela Cishe Unyaka Wonke – Isigaba sezithelo kusukela Februwari kuya kuZibandlela

• Ukuthela Kwangaphambi Kwesikhathi – Izithelo ezivela 3–4 iminyaka yeminyaka, ngokushesha kunezinhlobo zendabuko

• Okuqukethwe Kwe-Anthocyanin Ephezulu Kakhulu – 281.6 mg/100g isikhumba, kuqinisekiswa ucwaningo lwezemfundo

• Umbala Obomvu Ohlukile – Isikhumba esibomvu esibomvu kuya kokubomvu ngokunsomi, esiyingqayizivele phakathi kwezinhlobo ze-Jaboticaba

• Ukunambitheka Okumnandi, Okunamanzi – Okuqukethwe ushukela ophezulu kanye nejusi eningi, okuchazwa ngokuthi “kumnandi futhi kuyagqabuka”

• Isitshalo Esincane Nesiphila Isikhathi Eside – Ifanele izitsha kanye nezingadi ezincane; isikhathi sokuphila esingaphezu kwe-iminyaka eyi-100

Izindawo zokukhulisa:
Idabuka eBrazil, iJaboticaba yethulwa eChina ngeTaiwan futhi manje isilinywa eGuangdong (Taishan, Foshan, Guangzhou), Guangxi, eFujian, kanye nezinye izifunda ezishisayo . I-Escarlate ingesinye sezinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-“Four Seasons” ezikhuthazwayo kanye ne-Sabará, i-Fukuoka, ne-Sijihongfei .

Amanothi Okulima:

• Isimo sezulu: Isimo sezulu esifudumele nesinomswakama se-subtropical esine-izinga lokushisa lonyaka eliphakathi elingaphezu kuka-20°C

• Umhlabathi: Inhlabathi evulekile, ephuma kahle amanzi, ene-asidi encane (pH 5.5–6.5) ecebile ngezinto eziphilayo

• Ukuphathwa Kwamanzi: Umswakama ongaguquguquki; khulisa ukuchelela lapho kushisa, unciphise lapho kupholile; amanzi anele kanye nomanyolo ngaphambi kokuqhakaza ukukhulisa isivuno

• Ukwengeza Umanyolo:Ikakhulukazi umanyolo wemvelo, kufakwe umanyolo omncane kanye namakhemikhali; osuselwa ku-phosphorus ngokusekelwa yi-nitrogen ne-potassium

• Ukunquma: Ukuthena okuncane okudingekayo; lawula ubude nokuma ngokusika amahlumela amasha anamandla; susa amagatsha aminyene noma angatheli ekhishini

Isikhathi Sokuvuna:
Februwari kuya kuDisemba – isikhathi eside kakhulu sokuthela izithelo esenza i-Escarlate ihluke kuzo zonke ezinye izinhlobo ze-Jaboticaba. Nge-umkhuba wokuthela kusenesikhathi, okuqukethwe kwe-anthocyanin ephezulu kakhulu, umbala obomvu ogqamile, kanye nokukhiqiza unyaka wonke, i-Escarlate Jaboticaba inikeza inhlanganisela eyingqayizivele ye-inani lokudla okunomsoco, ukukhanga okubonakalayo, kanye nesivuno esiqhubekayo – kufanelekile ku-ukuthengisa okusha okusezingeni eliphezulu, izingadi zokuzikhethela, ukuthuthukiswa kwemikhiqizo egxile kwezempilo, kanye nokulinywa kwengadi yasekhaya.