Igama Lomkhiqizo: I-Yongquan Miyagawa Wase Mandarin

Incazelo:
Yongquan Miyagawa Wase Mandarin, ngokwesayensi yaziwa ngokuthi I-Citrus unshiu 'Miyagawa Wase', iwuhlobo lwe-Satsuma mandarin olusezingeni eliphezulu oluvuthwa ngokushesha olusuka esifundazweni saseShizuoka eJapan. Lwazalwa nguMiyagawa Kenkichi ngo-1902 futhi lwaqanjwa ngokusemthethweni ngo-1925, lwethulwa eChina ngo-1966 futhi selokhu lwaba uhlobo oluhamba phambili eDolobheni laseYongquan, eDolobheni laseLinhai, esifundazweni saseZhejiang – isifunda esiyinhloko sokukhiqiza se- Umkhiqizo Wendawo Kazwelonke “Linhai Mandarin.” Kwaziwa ngokuthi i “I-Hermès Yesithelo Esinamajikijolo” futhi idunyiswa ngenkulumo yendawo ethi “Isimangaliso somhlaba – dla i-mandarin nekhasi layo,” IYongquan Miyagawa Wase imelela izinga eliphezulu kakhulu lekhwalithi ye-mandarin edliwa isihlaza.

I-Mandarin Ebuyisela Kabusha Isipiliyoni Sokudla:

Isici esivelele se-Yongquan Miyagawa Wase yi- ikhasi elincane kakhulu, elidliwayo. Ngokungafani nama-mandarin avamile anamaxolo ababayo futhi angadleki, amaxolo alolu hlobo incane kangangokuthi iyakhanyisa, nge akunambitheki obabayo nhlobo – ingahlafunwa futhi ijatshulelwe kanye nenyama, inikeza i iphunga eliyingqayizivele lamalimoni okujabulisa izinzwa. Inyama i engenambewu, ethambile, futhi encibilikayo (化渣) , nejusi eqhumayo emlonyeni, ingashiyi insalela yemicu. Lokhu kuthungwa okukhethekile kanye nephrofayili yokunambitheka kuye kwakuthola idumela lokuthi "i-mandarin ongayidla nayo yonke ikhasi."

Ukubukeka:
Isithelo si- high-flat-round, nge ijwabu elincane, elibushelelezi, elisawolintshi-ebomvu onamaseli kawoyela ayisicaba noma aphakanyiswe kancane. Isisindo esimaphakathi sesithelo singu- 120–140 amagremu, enobubanzi obungu- 6–8 cm. Inyama yayo i- okunsundu okujulile, okuthambile, futhi okunamanzi amaningi kakhulu. Isithelo si- engenambewu noma ecishe ingabi nambewu, ngezinga lokudliwa eliphakeme kakhulu phakathi kwezinhlobo zama-mandarin.

Ukunambitheka Nobumnandi:
U-Yongquan Miyagawa Wase uletha i- ukunambitheka okumnandi kakhulu, okune-asidi encane ethuthuka kakhulu ngokuvuthwa okuphelele. Okuqukethwe okuncibilikayo kufinyelela ku 12% Brix noma ngaphezulu, ngesilinganiso sikashukela kuya ku-asidi esingu- 20–25. Ngokusebenzisa ukuvuthwa okuphelele (完熟采收) – inqubo lapho isithelo sishiywa esihlahleni size sivuthwe ngokuphelele – izinga likashukela likhuphuka lifike ku- 15% Brix noma ngaphezulu, nezithelo ezisezingeni eliphezulu ezifinyelela 17% Brix ikhokhisa amanani afinyelela ku- ¥200 ngekhilogramu. Ukunambitheka kuchazwa ngokuthi okunothile, okumnandi, nokuqabulayo, nokuphela okumsulwa, okuhlala isikhathi eside.

Izinzuzo Eziyinhloko Zokuhweba:

• Ikhasi Elidliwayo – Ikhasi elincane kakhulu, elingenabumuncu elingadliwa kanye nenyama

• Ikhwalithi Yokudla Eyingqayizivele – Ayinambewu, inyama ethambile, encibilikayo enamanzi amaningi

• Ukuvuthwa Okuphelele (完熟采收) – Kuvunwa lapho sekuvuthwe ngokugcwele ukuze kutholakale ushukela nokunambitheka okuphezulu

• Isikhathi Sokuvuna Esandisiwe – Isithelo singashiywa esihlahleni kuze kube Februwari ukuvuna okubambezelisiwe, okwandisa izinga likashukela ku 14%+

• Umkhiqizo Wendawo Yezwe Wonke – Umthombo ovikelwe kanye nenani lomkhiqizo elaziwayo

• Ukuma Kwemakethe Esezingeni Eliphezulu – Izintengo zokudayisa zisukela ku- ¥10 kuya ku-¥100 nge-jin, ngezithelo zekhwalithi ephezulu ezithola amanani aphezulu kakhulu

• Isikhathi Eside Sokuhlinzeka – Kuyatholakala kusukela ngasekupheleni kuka-Okthoba kuze kube nguFebruwari, ehlanganisa isikhathi esiphakeme sekusasa lamawolintshi entwasahlobo-ebusika

• Ukusebenza Okunamandla Kokuthumela Kwamanye Amazwe – Zithunyelwa ezimakethe zasekhaya ezifika e-Xinjiang nase-Inner Mongolia, futhi zithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe ziya e- iRussia neCanada

Izindawo Zokukhulisa:
Idabuka eShizuoka, eJapan, iMiyagawa Wase manje isiyi uhlobo lwezentengiselwano oluyinhloko eDolobheni laseYongquan, eDolobheni laseLinhai, esifundazweni saseZhejiang, isifunda esine 58,000 mu yezinsimu zama-mandarin. Isimo sezulu esiyingqayizivele sale ndawo – esizungezwe izintaba ezinhlangothini ezintathu, esisemngceleni woMfula i-Ling ngaseningizimu, nobusika obumnene, ukukhanya kwelanga okuningi, kanye nemvula esabalele kahle – sakha izimo ezikahle zokukhiqiza izithelo ezinoshukela nobumnene obukhethekile. I-Yongquan Mandarin ibilokhu ilinywa kusukela esikhathini se-Three Kingdoms futhi yafinyelela umvuthwandaba wayo ngesikhathi se-Sui ne-Tang, lapho yayethulwa njengomnikelo wasebukhosini.

Amanothi Okulima:

• Isimo Sezulu: Isimo sezulu se-monsoon esishisayo esinobusika obumnene nokukhanya kwelanga okwanele; izinga lokushisa lonyaka elilinganiselwe eliphezulu 16–18°C

• Ifilosofi Eyisisekelo – “Ukulima Ngamandla Abuthakathaka (弱势栽培)” : Uhlelo lokukhiqiza lwaseYongquan lugcizelela ukulawulwa kwamandla esihlahla ukugxilisa ushukela esithelweni, kuhlangene ne ukuvuna ngokugcwele kokuvuthwa – indlela lapho isithelo sishiywa esihlahleni size sivuthwe ngokugcwele ukuze kwandiswe ukunqwabelana kukashukela nokuthuthukiswa kwephunga

• Ukulinywa Okuvikelwe: Isifunda sikhuthaza ukuvuna okubambezelisiwe, indawo yokuvikela imvula ebhodleleni lokushisa, nokuvikela isithwathwa amasu; isivuno sifinyelela ku- 2,000–2,500 kg nge-mu

• Ukuphathwa Kokukhanya Nezinga Lokushisa: Umehluko omkhulu wokushisa kwansuku zonke unyaka wonke uhlobene nokunambitheka okuhle kwezithelo; amahora okukhanya kwelanga ngesikhathi sokuwa kwezithelo ngokomzimba ahlobene kakhulu nokuqukethwe kwe-vitamin C

• Ukunquma: Thuthukisa ukungena komoya nokukhanya ngokuthena okufanele; susa amagatsha agulayo nabuthakathaka ukuze ugcine isihlahla sivulekile

• Ukuphathwa Kwezinambuzane Nezifo: Ukuncishiswa kwamahlumela entwasahlobo nokulungiswa kwesilinganiso sezimbali namaqabunga; ukuvundiswa kwangemva kokusethwa kwezithelo nokulawulwa kwezinambuzane; ukukhuthazwa kokulawulwa kwezinto eziphilayo kanye nezolimo zemvelo ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali

• Ukuphathwa Kwamanzi: Ukunisela okungaguquguquki kuyadingeka; ukuvikelwa komthunzi kunconywa ngesikhathi sokukhanya kwelanga elishisayo kakhulu

Isikhathi Sokuvuna:
Ekupheleni kuka-Okthoba kuya ku-Februwari – nesizini enkulu eqala ngo- ekupheleni kuka-Okthoba, ukunambitheka okuphezulu kusuka kusukela maphakathi noNovemba kuqhubeke, kanye nokukhetha kwe ukuvuna okubambezelekile kuze kube nguFebruwari ukuthola ubumnandi obuphezulu. I-mandarin yasekwindla-ebusika esezingeni eliphezulu enikeza isipiliyoni esingenakuqhathaniswa "sokudla-ikhasi", ubumnandi obungavamile, kanye nesikhathi eside sokumaketha – ilungele ukudayiswa okusha, ukupakishwa kwezipho eziphezulu, ukuthunyelwa kwe-e-commerce, kanye neziteshi zokuthumela kwamanye amazwe.